President of India is indirectly elected by the people and
he or she is the head of the state also the head of Commander-in-Chief for
three forces.
Election For President Of India
-The President is elected by means of Single representation
system through secret paper ballet voting, the MP’s and MLA’s in all over the
country took participating in Presidential elections.
-The nominated
members of both houses of parliament, nominated members of Legislative
assemblies and MLC’s cannot participate in presidential elections.
-Each MLA and MP has some vote value, it changes with
respect to population of the state.
Calculation of MLA Vote value in Presidential Elections
Value of a MLA Vote –Total Population of the state or Union territory/Total
elected MLA’s*1000
Calculation of MP Vote value in Presidential Elections
Value of MP Vote-Total value of all MLA votes in all states and
UTs/Total number of MPs in both houses.
-After electing the president of India, the president resides
in official residence called Rashtrapathi Bhavan in Raisina hill area in New
Delhi also the President resides in Simhla and Hyderabad Rashtrapathi Nilayam.
Duties of President of India
Legislative Duties
-The bills and acts passed in the parliament are send to
President for his approval, then only the bill or act came into statutory book.
-He presides the Joint sitting of houses when the bill is
not passed on some circumstances.
Executive Duties
-The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers are appointed
by the President ,they are collectively responsible for Loksabha,President can
remove any Minister from the Council of Ministers.
Judicial Duties
-He appoints the Chief Justice of India and other Judges of
Supreme Court, also appoints the Judges of High courts.
Appointment Powers
-He appoints Governors of States and Lt Governors and
administrators for UTs.
-He appoints Attorney General of India, the highest law officer
in India.
-He appoints Chief Minister of NCT Delhi.
-He appoints Chief Election Commissioner of India and other
commissioners of Election Commission.
-He appoints CAG chairman and UPSC chairman, members.
Financial Powers
-The Money bills passed into Loksabha after his recommendation.
-The charges on Contingency Fund for Unseen expenditure done
by him.
-The budget after passed in the Parliament is placed before him
for his approval.
Diplomatic Powers
-Any agreement or treaty with other country done on behalf
of President.
-He appoints ambassadors in other countries.
Military Powers
-He was the commander-in-Chief for three forces i.e.,
Army,Navy and Air Force.
Pardoning Powers
-He has pardoning powers like Commutation,Respite,Reprieve,Remission.
Emergency Powers
-He implements National Emergency when the country is
engaged with war or internal disturbances.
-He implements State Emergency according Article 356 and
Article 365.
-He implements Financial Emergency as per Article 360.
Eligibility Conditions for President of India
-He was completed 35 Years of Age
-He was citizen of India
Oath or Affirmation of President of India
-The Chief Justice of India or senior most judge of Supreme
Court makes oath or affirmation for President.
Salaries, Allowances and Emoluments of President
-He was getting salary of Rs 1,50,000 per month, a free accomdation,travelling
allowances,medical facilities and communication facilities.
Impeachment of President of India
-The president is impeached by means of Resolution passed in
Parliament.
List of Presidents of India
| S.No | Name | Elected Year | Took Office | Left Office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rajendra Prasad | 195,21,957 | January 26th,1950 | May 12th,1962 |
| 2 | Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan | 1962 | May 13th,1962 | May 13th,1967 |
| 3 | Zakir Husain | 1967 | May 13th,1967 | May 3rd,1969 |
| 4 | Varahagiri Venkata Giri | 1969 | August 24th,1969 | August 24th,1974 |
| 5 | Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed | 1974 | August 24,1974 | February 11th,1977 |
| 6 | Neelam Sanjiva Reddy | 1977 | July 25th,1977 | July 25th,1982 |
| 7 | Giani Zail Singh | 1982 | July 25th,1982 | july 25th,1987 |
| 8 | Ramaswamy Venkataraman | 1987 | July 25th,1987 | July 25th,1992 |
| 9 | Shankar Dayal Sharma | 1992 | July 25th,1992 | July 25th,1997 |
| 10 | Kocheril Raman Narayanan | 1997 | July 25th,1997 | July 25th,2002 |
| 11 | A. P. J. Abdul Kalam | 2002 | July 25th,2002 | July 25th,2007 |
| 12 | Pratibha Patil | 2007 | July 25th,2007 | July 25th,2012 |
| 13 | Pranab Mukherjee | 2012 | July 25th,2012 | July 25th,2017 |
| 14 | Ramnath Kovind | 2017 | July 25th,2017 |
